By Charlotte Myriam. Circuit. Publised at Tuesday, July 04th 2017, 03:38:49 AM. In the hydrodynamic analogy of electronic circuits, resistors are equivalent to a pipe. As fluid flows through a pipe, frictional drag forces at the walls dissipate energy from the flow and thus reducing the pressure, or equivalently, the potential energy of the fluid in the pipe. A small resistor is equivalent to a large diameter pipe that will allow for a high flow rate, whereas a large resistor is equivalent to a small diameter pipe that greatly constricts the flow rate.
By Valentine Sybille. Power. Published at Monday, December 18th 2017, 14:14:34 PM. There are many new regulators which have tighter output tolerances (better than 2% is common), achieved through the use of a laser-trim process. Also, many of the new regulators have separate output specifications that cover room temperature/full operating temperature range, and full-load/light-load conditions.
By Jessica Mireille. Circuit. Published at Monday, December 18th 2017, 14:08:09 PM. A capacitor is a device that stores energy in the form of voltage. The most common form of capacitors is made of two parallel plates separated by a dielectric material. Charges of opposite polarity can be deposited on the plates, resulting in a voltage V across the capacitor plates. Capacitance is a measure of the amount of electrical charge required to build up one unit of voltage across the plates.
By Bertille Solange. Diagram. Published at Monday, December 18th 2017, 13:52:35 PM. Production circuit boards typically start out as thin sheets of fiberglass (about 1mm thick) that are completely covered on both sides with very thin sheets of metal (typically copper). A "standard" circuit board might use a 1 ounce copper process, which means that one ounce of copper is evenly spread across 1 square foot of circuit board. During the manufacturing process, wire patterns are "printed" onto the copper surfaces using a compound that resists etching (hence the name Printed Circuit Board or PCB). The boards are subjected to a chemical etching process that removes all exposed copper. The remaining, un-etched copperforms wires that will interconnect the circuit board components, and small pads that define the regions where component leads will be attached.
By Charlotte Myriam. Circuit. Published at Monday, December 18th 2017, 13:45:45 PM. Voltage is measured in units of Joules per Coulomb, known as a Volt (V). It is important to remember that voltage is not an absolute quantity, rather, it is always considered as a relative value between two points. In an electronic circuit, the electromagnetic problem of voltages at arbitrary points in space is typically simplified to voltages between nodes of circuit components such as resistors, capacitors, and transistors
By Cyrielle Marjolaine. Diagram. Published at Monday, December 18th 2017, 13:32:30 PM. In a PCB that uses through-hole technology, holes are drilled through the pads so that component leads can be inserted and then fastened (soldered) in place. In a PCB that uses surface-mount technology, component leads are soldered directly to the pads on the surface. Each set of pads (or holes) in the PCB is intended to receive a particular component. To identify which component must be loaded where, reference designators are printed on the circuit board immediately adjacent to the pads using a silk-screen process. A parts list links a designated set of pads to a physical component by describing the component and assigning it a particular reference designator. The reference designators guide assemblers and testers when they are working with the PCB. Many components must be placed into the PCB in a particular orientation. By convention, components that require a particular orientation have one lead designated as pin 1. On the PCB, a square pad or silkscreen indicator typically denotes pin 1.
By Bertille Solange. Power. Published at Monday, December 18th 2017, 13:09:45 PM. It is possible for RO to be negative – an undesirable characteristic often caused by poor layout design in the regulator wiring resulting in inadvertent positive feedback. With negative output resistance the output voltage increases with the load current.
By Charlotte Myriam. Diagram. Published at Monday, December 18th 2017, 12:40:04 PM. In a PCB that uses through-hole technology, holes are drilled through the pads so that component leads can be inserted and then fastened (soldered) in place. In a PCB that uses surface-mount technology, component leads are soldered directly to the pads on the surface. Each set of pads (or holes) in the PCB is intended to receive a particular component. To identify which component must be loaded where, reference designators are printed on the circuit board immediately adjacent to the pads using a silk-screen process. A parts list links a designated set of pads to a physical component by describing the component and assigning it a particular reference designator. The reference designators guide assemblers and testers when they are working with the PCB. Many components must be placed into the PCB in a particular orientation. By convention, components that require a particular orientation have one lead designated as pin 1. On the PCB, a square pad or silkscreen indicator typically denotes pin 1.
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